Immersed in history, religion and culture, Anuradhapura is an ancient capital city where Buddhism was first introduced to Sri Lanka. Deemed a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the city is home to several historical monuments, making it a paradise for history lovers and explorers. If you’re one of them and are keen to explore the city, here are the must-visit historical sites in Anuradhapura.
Sri Maha Bodhi
This is a shrine dedicated to the Sri Maha Bodhi tree, one of the oldest trees in the world which according to beliefs is where the Lord Buddha attained enlightenment. The tree is surrounded by several statues, golden fences, and water canals, that add to the beauty and grandeur of the site. It is one of the most significant places to visit in Anuradhapura for both Sri Lankan Buddhists and tourists.
Thuparamaya
This is the first stupa that was constructed in Sri Lanka after Buddhism was introduced to the country. Built by King Devanampiyatissa in the 3rd century BC, it is believed that the stupa enshrines the right collarbone of the Gautama Buddha. The ruins that remain today cover roughly three and a half acres of land. The Thuparamaya is a frequently visited site and is often featured in city tours of Anuradhapura offered by various local tour operators like Ceylon Tours.
Ruwanwelisaya
This is one of the largest stupas in the country built by King Dutugemunu who is hailed as a hero of the island. It stands at 338 feet with a 951-foot diameter and is surrounded by platforms, columns, carvings and paved courts that add to its grandeur and beauty. The stupa was initially designed to reflect the important teachings of the Buddha.
Abhayagiri Viharaya
This too was one of the largest monasteries in the world reaching up to 115 metres high. While it is no longer the tallest, it still extends over 5 hectares and houses over 10,000 Buddhist monks. Unlike the Thuparamaya and Ruwawelisaya which are covered by plaster, this monastery bares its brick structure, giving off a yellow-brown colour when viewed from afar. It is believed that a piece of the Buddha’s sash or belt was preserved on the monastery premises.
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